Physical Address
Indirizzo: Via Mario Greco 60, Buttigliera Alta, 10090, Torino, Italy
In a world where the jungle law seems to take over and over more and more, and multilateralism as thought by the Charter of the United Nations Erode day by day, the initiative for global governance presented at the start of this month by Chinese President Xi Jinping, is one of the most daring and promising responses in rebalancing international relations. It reminds observers an initiative launched in 1974, 51 years ago by the Algerian president, the late Houari Boumediene, baptized in its time, the new world economic order.
The observation of President Xi on the state of international relations today is overwhelming. The West, by its imperialist and neocolonial practices, greatly compromises global governance. Thus, “the UN and multilateralism are confronted with challenges” inducing three failures will say the Chinese leader. “First, the serious sub-statement of the global south”, hence the need “to increase the representation of the global south and to correct historical injustices”. The same remarks made by Houari Boumediene who proclaimed that the international order was built “without us”, and that this “injustice” had to be corrected.
The second failure relates to “the erosion of authority”. “The goals and principles of the Charter of the United Nations have not actually been observed,” says President Xi Jinping. Security Council resolutions have been called into question. Acts such as unilateral sanctions have violated international law and infringed international order. ” And the examples are legion: Palestine, the Middle East, Russia, African countries, all have paid a heavy price in the name of the primacy of the Western order on international standards and rules which are supposed to guarantee equality between all actors of the world scene.
As for the third failure, it relates to “the urgent need to increase efficiency” in the light of the extreme challenges faced by humanity. There, it is a real warning which is launched by the Chinese leader. “Climate change, the digital gap and other issues are increasing more every day. Governance is lacking in emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, cyberspace and extra-atmospheric space “, hence the imperative of a better apprehension of the global realities of the current world.
In order to respond to these issues and these challenges, Xi Jinping proposes the global governance initiative in order to promote the construction of a fairer and more equitable global governance system and to build a community of the future shared for humanity together. Justice, equity and collective appropriation, these are the key words of this Chinese initiative. It completes the first three initiatives previously launched by President XI, namely, the Initiative for World Development, the Initiative for World Security and the Initiative for World Civilization.
Sovereign legality between nations
The key concepts of the global governance initiative is inspired by the principles of the Charter of the United Nations. That is to say, the sovereign equality between nations, since there is no large or small nation, rich or poor. A single postulate, “the sovereignty and dignity of all the countries, large or small, powerful or weak, rich or poor, must be respected, that their internal affairs suffer no external interference, that they all have the right to independent their social system and their development path and that they have the right equal to participation, decision -making and the sharing of profits in global governance”. Convergence is total between Algeria and China concerning this concept. And it is on behalf that Algeria worked in 1971 so that the People’s Republic of China regains its permanent member’s seat on the UN Security Council.
The fundamental guarantee of global governance advances the Chinese president is the continuation of the rule of international law. Not only, “the goals and principles of the United Nations Charter are fundamental standards governing universally recognized international relations and must be unshakly defended”, but in emerging fields, “international rules must be developed on the basis of a broad consensus”. This is what is lacking today. The Western standard acts in defiance of the visions and interests of emerging or global southern countries.
Multilateralism is a cardinal point in the Chinese vision of global governance. “World affairs must be managed by all, the global governance system must be built by all and the benefits of global governance must be shared by all. We must reject any practice of unilateralism, ”says Xi Jinping. Here, the centrality of multilateralism has as a corollary that of the UN. Moreover, the latter “is the central platform to practice multilateralism and promote global governance. Its role must be reinforced and not weakened ”, as the Western powers practice, warned President XI.
Putting against the Western vision and practice which emphasizes the weight of the elites and their determining role, China put on the contrary on the weight and the role of peoples. “Only a global governance system that meets the needs of peoples and continuously brings them confidence and stable prospects will benefit from broad support and will actually work.”
Obviously, concrete actions are the aim pursued by global governance. “Effective global governance allows above all to solve real problems. The various subjects of global governance being closely linked, it is important to promote a global approach, systemic planning and coordinated advance. We must tackle both the manifestations of problems and their roots and seek sustainable solutions. ”
For the Chinese president, the global governance initiative is a powerful lever to create an inclusive and distributive international community in terms of geopolitical and moral profits and dividends. And there is no shortage of challenges! The new issues of the world of tomorrow are numerous and decisive to be able to face them separately. “We plan to strengthen communication and cooperation in priority in the fields where governance needs are pressing and the governance deficit is important, such as the reform of international financial architecture, artificial intelligence, cyberspace, climate change, trade and extra-Atmospheric space, as well as resolute defense of the UN Authority and of the pact for the future, with a view to building consensus, identifying the achievements to be achieved and obtaining early results ”.
This projection in the future in the name of a fraternal and generous humanity is a guarantee of good conduct to promote new global governance. Failing to be anti-Western anti-Western, this governance intends to integrate the Global South, emerging countries and developing countries. “China will work with the different parties to strengthen cooperation, explore the ways of the reform and improvement of global governance and open together a bright future of peace, security, prosperity and progress”, a profession of faith that will guarantee the triumph of multilateralism and the rule of international law.